The present disclosure relates to a 5th generation (5G) or pre-5G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate beyond a 4th generation (4G) communication system such as long-term evolution (LTE). The present disclosure relates to beam management in a wireless communication system, and an operation method of a base station may comprise the steps of: transmitting first type reference signals; receiving feedback information on the first type reference signals; transmitting information on resources for second type reference signals, which are allocated on the basis of the feedback information, to at least one terminal; and transmitting the second type reference signals through the resources, wherein the second type reference signals are transmitted using fixed transmission beams by the base station. The present research has been conducted with the support of the “cross-departmental giga KOREA project” of the government (the ministry of science and ICT) in 2017 (No. GK17N0100, Development for mmWave-based 5G mobile communication system).