A power consumption detection system includes a controller, a rubber sampling module, a rubber calender, a temperature control module, a mooney sensor, and a power meter. The rubber sampling module samples a rubber material according to a weight value and obtains a rubber to be tested. The rubber calender continuously calenders the rubber to be tested at least six times. The temperature control module maintains the rubber to be tested with a temperature value. The mooney sensor obtains an actual viscosity index and the controller controls the calendaring number of the rubber calender until the target viscosity index is consistent with the actual viscosity index. The power meter records a power consumed by the rubber calender and obtains a power consumption value.