An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes an antenna, a transmission path electrically connected to the antenna and including at least one amplifier, a transceiver connected to the transmission path and converting a signal, a feedback path connected between the transmission path and the transceiver, at least one processor connected to the transceiver and communicating with at least one external electronic device by using the transceiver, and a memory connected to the at least one processor. The processor may obtain first information about a first phase and a first magnitude, which are associated with the first frequency, and second information about a second phase and a second magnitude, which are associated with a multiplied frequency of the first frequency, from the transmission signal and the reflection signal using the transceiver, and may determine a state of the electronic device based on the first information and the second information.