Techniques and systems for component-based digital image synchronization are described. In one example, a digital image is stored as a composite file with a number of separately compressed individual components. Indicators are generated during an editing process of a digital image. The indicators are usable to correlate altered portions of the digital image with compressed components of the composite digital image file. The altered components are then communicated to a synchronization service for synchronization with a remote representation of the digital image file.