There is provided an information processing apparatus, an information processing method, a program, and an interchangeable lens each capable of appropriately correcting shading of an image having a plurality of viewpoints. A communication unit receives shading information associated with shading of each of a plurality of ommatidium images that are included in a captured image acquired by one image sensor and correspond to images formed by lights respectively concentrated by a plurality of ommatidium lenses that are a plurality of lenses so disposed as not to overlap with each other in an optical axis direction and are included in an interchangeable lens when the interchangeable lens is fitted to a camera body including the image sensor. A correction unit corrects shading of each of the plurality of ommatidium images that are included in the captured image acquired by the image sensor and respectively correspond to the plurality of ommatidium lenses on the basis of the shading information. For example, the present technology is applicable to a camera system or the like which captures an image.