An availability-based telephonic transmission/reception calling service method is provided for communicating with a person who has a different lifestyle or who may not be available at a specific call time. When a receiver inputs the receiver's characteristic information and reception/communication availability information into a server, the server acquires and sets the reception/communication availability information. An originator fetches contact information in a memory medium within a device or contact information to be displayed in a separate service on the Internet and selects a receiver. When the contact information of the selected receiver is stored on the server, the server acquires the receiver's reception/communication availability information and displays whether the receiver can receive a call on a screen of an originator's communication device. Thus, the originator can be notified of whether a receiver can receive a call before the originator makes a telephone call via a cellular phone network or the Internet.