An electrochromic element includes: a first electrode; a second electrode; a peripheral sealing seal arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode; and an electrochromic layer arranged in a space demarcated by the first electrode, the second electrode, and the peripheral sealing seal, one of the first electrode and the second electrode is an anode electrode, and the other is a cathode electrode, the electrochromic layer is an electrochromic element having an anodic electrochromic compound and a cathodic electrochromic compound, the peripheral sealing seal is an anodic reaction-preferential peripheral sealing seal in which an oxidation reaction of the anodic electrochromic compound preferentially occurs near the peripheral sealing seal, and SA