An electronic device includes a foldable housing, a sensor module, a display, a processor operatively connected to the sensor module and the display, and memory operatively connected to the processor. The memory may store instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to determine a visual line of a user, based on obtaining direction information of the electronic device when the foldable housing is in a fully unfolded state; sense an angle between the first housing and the second housing when folding of the foldable housing is sensed via the sensor module; determine a direction of the first face of the display and a direction of the third face of the display; and determine at least one of a position or a size of a content displayed on the display, based on at least one of the visual line of the user, the direction of the first face, or the direction of the third face.