Provided is an image processing apparatus including a memory storing at least one instruction, and a processor configured to execute the at least one instruction stored in the memory to obtain first feature information by performing a convolution operation on a first image and a first kernel included in a first convolution layer among a plurality of convolution layers, obtain at least one piece of characteristic information, based on the first feature information; obtain second feature information, based on the first feature information and the at least one piece of characteristic information, obtain third feature information by performing a convolution operation on the obtained second feature information and a second kernel included in a second convolution layer that is a layer next to the first convolution layer among the plurality of convolution layers, and obtain an output image, based on the third feature information.