Provided are a method and robot device for sharing object data. The method, performed by a robot device, of sharing object data includes: obtaining sensing data related to objects in a certain space; classifying the obtained sensing data into a plurality of pieces of object data based on properties of the objects; selecting another robot device from among at least one other robot device; selecting object data to be provided to the selected robot device from among the classified plurality of pieces of object data; and transmitting the selected object data to the selected robot device, wherein the classifying of the sensing data into a plurality of pieces object data includes generating a plurality of data layers including the classified plurality of pieces of object data.