The present invention relates to a device for recovering, separating and purifying oil mist in a minimum quantity lubricant (MQL) grinding process, comprising: an air separating mechanism, which comprises a pipeline and a fan fixedly connected with one end of the pipeline, wherein the fan is used for forming negative pressure in the pipeline, at least one conical filter mesh mechanism is arranged in the pipeline, and a tip of the conical filter mesh mechanism faces one side of an air inlet direction of the pipeline; and a filtering and recovering mechanism, which is connected with the pipeline and comprises a tank body, a filtering mechanism and a recovering mechanism, wherein the tank body is connected with the pipeline by a connecting part, and the filtering mechanism is connected with the recovering mechanism.