A method for sensing damage of bearing of engine using a vibration signal may include separating a vibration signal of an engine sensed by a vibration sensor installed at one side of the engine of a vehicle into a vibration signal by combustion knocking and a vibration signal of a bearing installed between a crank pin and a connecting rod; extracting, by a signal processing filter, a signal of a predetermined natural frequency band from the vibration signal of the bearing; determining whether the vibration signal of the bearing is higher than a predetermined bearing damage threshold, in a predetermined engine state condition in order to sense breakage of the bearing during operation of the engine; and confirming that the bearing has been damaged.