The present invention discloses a method and a device for laser-assisted electrochemical composite deposition using a rifling-type hollow rotating electrode, which relate to the field of micro-composite processing in special processing technologies. A center of a laser beam is allowed to pass through a rifling-type hollow rotating electrode and focus onto a cathode substrate. When the rifling-type hollow rotating electrode is rotated at a constant speed, an electrodeposition solution rotates in the rifling-type hollow rotating electrode and generates a certain centripetal force to improve the precision and localization of deposition. During the process of the present invention, an internal rifling structure of the electrode is rotated at a high speed so that the deposition solution generates a centripetal force. The internal rifling structure and an external helical structure of the rifling-type hollow rotating electrode make the deposition solution move upward to form a “self-circulation” system.