The present disclosure relates to a cuvette box conveying device, a cuvette box conveying method, and a sample analyzer. The cuvette box conveying device includes a frame. The frame includes a new box placing position and a waste box recycling position. The new box placing position and the waste box recycling position are arranged on different layers in the direction of Z axis, so as to reduce the space occupied by the new box placing position and the waste box recycling position on an XY plane. In the cuvette box conveying device, the space occupied by the new box placing position and the waste box recycling position on the XY plane is reduced by arranging the new box placing position and the waste box recycling position on different layers in the direction of Z axis.