An operation method of a first communication node includes generating a plurality of modulation symbols for information bits; determining a symbol mapping pattern based on a number Nt of antennas of the first communication node, a number NL of spatial layers multiplexed in a same frequency resource, and a number NSSF of modulation symbols belonging to one space-frequency grid; mapping the plurality of modulation symbols to a space-frequency domain based on the symbol mapping pattern; and transmitting the plurality of modulation symbols mapped to the space-frequency domain to a second communication node using the antennas.