This application provide quantum key distribution methods, devices, and storage media. In an implementation, a method comprises: determining, based on a first mapping, a first quantum key of N first quantum keys corresponding to an ith node on a target routing path; determining, based on a second mapping, a second quantum key of N second quantum keys corresponding to the ith node; and generating, by the ith node based on the first quantum key corresponding to the ith node and the second quantum key corresponding to the ith node, a third quantum key corresponding to the ith node on the target routing path.