The present invention refers to a method of drilling a marine wellbore with fluid reverse circulation without using drilling riser tubulars. In reverse circulation drilling, the fluid return with gravels occurs inside the drill string (17) and the injection of clean fluid is done through the annular of the well, so that, having a rotating head over the BOP (19), or inside it, the use of riser tubulars as a flow line for the fluid return with gravels is disposed, using instead the drill string (17).
For the kill and choke lines, as well as for fluid injection, rigid or flexible lines can be used, eliminating the need to use drilling risers, thus releasing large load capacity and space on the probe. The method of this invention also eliminates the need for large volumes of fluid to fill entire riser tubulars. The entire operation can be done without the need for subsea pumps or concentric columns. Additionally, the invention makes the operation of lowering the drilling riser tubulars unnecessary, which lasts for days and has a high cost. Finally, for dual activity probes, the arrangement allows the use of the two towers even after connecting the BOP (19), something that is not possible with the use of drilling riser tubulars. Therefore, operations such as mounting and lowering the casing in the water depth can be carried out in parallel with the drilling of the phase, allowing a significant additional gain of time.