Disclosed is a method for recognizing a marine object based on hyperspectral data including collecting target hyperspectral data; preprocessing the target hyperspectral data; and detecting and identifying an object included in the target hyperspectral data based on a marine object detection and identification model, trained through learning of the detection and identification of the marine object. According to the present invention, the preprocessing and processing of the hyperspectral data collected in real time according to a communication state may be performed in the sky or on the ground.