The present invention discloses a swab sample nucleic acid releaser and use thereof. The sample releaser includes 1-20 mol/L of a metal ion chelating agent, 5-80 mmol/L of a buffer at pH 6-9, 5%-40% (v/v) of a polar organic solvent, 0.2%-10% (v/v) of a surfactant, and 0.1-1 mol/L of a nuclease inhibitor. The sample releaser can integrate three steps of sampling and preservation, inactivation, and nucleic acid extraction into one step, and after sampling, the sample can be directly put into a sampling tube equipped with the sample releaser for storage and transportation; and when in use, the sampling tube is turned upside down and mixed well, and after the sample and the sample releaser are fully mixed, it is let stand for a few minutes at room temperature to release the nucleic acid of the sample.