Disclosed are methods and apparatuses for supporting BWP-based operations in sidelink communication. An operation method of a first terminal in a communication system includes receiving, from a base station, configuration information of a mapping relationship between an uplink (UL) bandwidth part (BWP) and a sidelink (SL) BWP; when a UL switching operation for the UL BWP is performed, performing an SL switching operation for the SL BWP mapped to the UL BWP based on the mapping relationship without separate signaling indicating execution of the SL switching operation; and performing sidelink communication with a second terminal in a switched SL BWP.