A transmit end obtains a frequency hopping parameter and resource allocation information of a to-be-transmitted message, where the frequency hopping parameter includes at least one of bandwidth part indication information, beam indication information, reference signal configuration information, subcarrier spacing indication information, transmission waveform indication information, slot type indication information, channel type indication information, and transmission carrier indication information. The transmit end determines, based on the resource allocation information and the frequency hopping parameter, a physical resource used to send the to-be-transmitted message, where the physical resource includes information about a frequency domain resource on which the to-be-transmitted message is mapped in at least one time unit. The transmit end sends the to-be-transmitted message by using the physical resource.