The present invention discloses a multi-station adaptive walnut shell pre-breaking system, comprising a feeding device and a shell pre-breaking device. The feeding device comprises a feeding box, a single-helix twister and a double-helix twister are disposed in the feeding box, the single-helix twister and the double-helix twister rotate in opposite directions, and an adjustable spring partition is disposed below the single-helix twister and the double-helix twister; the shell pre-breaking device comprises a shell pre-breaking box, a plurality of squeezing stations are provided in the shell pre-breaking box, each of the squeezing stations is provided with a shell pre-breaking assembly, the shell pre-breaking assembly comprises a falling U-shaped plate and a squeezing U-shaped plate, a first end of the falling U-shaped plate is hinged to the shell pre-breaking box, a second end of the falling U-shaped plate is pushed to move by a falling cam, the end of the squeezing U-shaped plate opposite to the first end of the falling U-shaped plate is pushed to move by a squeezing cam, the end of the squeezing U-shaped plate opposite to the second end of the falling U-shaped plate is hinged to the shell pre-breaking box, the squeezing cam is in an outer dwell state when the falling cam moves, and the falling cam is in an outer dwell state when the squeezing cam moves.