A friction and wear testing platform capable of simulating high-pressure, silt-containing and turbid submarine environment, including a tank, a loading device, a partition plate, a partition cylinder, a top sealing sleeve, a bottom sealing sleeve, a rotating shaft, an inner magnetic cylinder, an outer magnetic cylinder and a centering table. The partition plate and the partition cylinder divide an inner chamber of the tank into a test chamber and a pressure compensation chamber. The rotating shaft penetrates the pressure compensation chamber; two ends of the rotating shaft are sealed by the top and bottom sealing sleeves, respectively, as well as sealing bearings and rings therein. The loading device drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft drives the inner magnetic cylinder to rotate. The centering table is driven through the magnetic coupling between the inner and outer magnetic cylinders to install a test piece.