The disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for authenticating an electronic device. An operating method of a target device according to an embodiment includes generating a random value based on whether an electronic device is within a certain distance from the target device, transmitting, to the electronic device, first information including the generated random value and identification information of the target device, and receiving, from the electronic device, first authentication information obtained based on the first information, encrypting the received first authentication information and a target device key, transmitting the encrypted target device key and the encrypted first authentication information to a server, and receiving, from the server, second authentication information obtained based on the first authentication information, and determining whether to open or close a door based on a comparison between the second authentication information and the random value.