Disclosed are a communication technique for merging, with an IoT technology, a 5G communication system for supporting a data transmission rate higher than that of a 4G system, and a system therefor. The disclosure can be applied to intelligent services (for example, smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car or connected car, health care, digital education, retail, security and safety related services, and the like) on the basis of 5G communication technology and IoT related technology. A new radio access technology (NR) system, which is novel 5G communication, is designed such that various services can be freely multiplexed in time and frequency resources, thereby enabling channel state information based on an aperiodic CSI-RS or a synchronization signal to be transmitted and received. According to the present invention, a base station in a wireless communication system transmits channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) configuration information to a terminal, transmits channel state information feedback configuration information to the terminal, transmits CSI-RS trigger information to the terminal, aperiodically transmits a CSI-RS to the terminal according to the CSI-RS trigger information, and can receive, from the terminal, channel state information generated on the basis of the transmitted CSI-RS, wherein the CSI-RS is configured according to the CSI-RS configuration information, and at least a part of the configured CSI-RS can be transmitted by the CSI-RS trigger information.