A system for detecting the concentration of metal particles of at least one first material, which includes a detector with: a semiconductor body including a cathode region, delimited by a front surface; and an anode structure made of metal material, which extends over a part of the cathode region, leaving part of the front surface exposed. The anode structure and the part of the cathode region form a first contact of a Schottky type. The exposed part of the front surface can access the metal particles.