A system, method, and computer-readable medium for generating factual and/or counterfactual data are described. This may have the effect of improving the complexity of data available for training machine learning models. The models may include, but not limited to, a probabilistic graphical model (PGM) and/or an agent-based model (ABM). Further aspects may provide for scrubbing actual data to create a data model that does not reveal the content of the underlying source data. Yet further aspects may provide for validating a data model.