The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for live streaming. The system may receive a play request associated with a live stream from a terminal device. The system may determine whether there are one or more cached fragments associated with the live stream, wherein the one or more cached fragments are cached from a stream source via a first protocol. In response to determining that there are one or more cached fragments associated with the live stream, the system may determine whether the play request is a request that the terminal device requests the live stream for the first time. In response to determining that the play request is the request that the terminal device requests the live stream for the first time, after a caching of a current fragment is completed, the system may transmit an index file corresponding to the current fragment and at least one of the one or more cached fragments to the terminal device via a second protocol.