A sample storage device may include: a storage chamber; paired rail sections separated in separating direction and extending in an extending direction; an antenna array substrate extending between the rail sections and having antennas; paired slide sections separated from each other in the separating direction and disposed at a position opposite to the antenna array substrate with respect to the rail sections and, so as to be slidable in the extending direction relative to the rail sections, respectively; a support plate transparent to radio waves, extending between the slide sections; and a storage box containable a plurality of containers each holding a sample and a radio tag, the storage box to be set on the support plate such that radio waves can be transmitted between the radio tag and corresponding one of the plurality of antennas.