The technology of this application relates to a voltage adjustment method and an electronic device. The method includes obtaining a target luminance value of current display of a display pixel, determining a voltage increment value based on the target luminance value, and adjusting, based on the voltage increment value, an initial cathode voltage of an OLED device corresponding to the display pixel, where after voltage adjustment, a change amount between a luminance value of the display pixel and the target luminance value falls within a preset range. This application may be applied to an electronic device, and display quality of a display screen can be improved while reducing power consumption of the display screen.