An illustrative application executing on a first device establishes a first network connection between the first device and a collaboration platform server managing a set of components for a collaboration platform providing voice communication services with respect to a virtual space. Using the first network connection, the application: 1) sets a first location within the virtual space at which a first voice component is positioned, and 2) determines a second location within the virtual space at which a second voice component is positioned. The application receives, by way of a second network connection between the first and second devices, audio data representing voice communication originating at the second device. Based on the first and second locations, the application generates a spatialized rendering of the audio data for presentation to a user. Corresponding methods and systems are also disclosed.