A network component management method and a network device are disclosed. The method includes: obtaining, by a network component management unit, performance assurance information of a network component, where the performance assurance information includes at least one of the following: key performance information, performance assurance priority information, or performance assurance enabling information, where the key performance information is used to indicate a key performance of the network component, and the performance assurance enabling information is used to instruct to enable or disable at least one performance assurance function of the network component; and managing, by the network component management unit, the network component based on the performance assurance information. The network component management method and the network device provided in the present disclosure can improve network component management efficiency.