The present invention relates to a phenyl alkyl carbamate compound for use in preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases. The phenyl alkyl carbamate compound of the present invention, prevented dopaminergic neuron loss, attenuated activation of astrocyte/microglia, repressed phosphorylated alpha-synuclein, and regulated phosphorylation levels of tau and acetylation levels of alpha-tubulin in the Parkinson's disease animal model. In addition, the phenyl alkyl carbamate compound of the present invention reduced the Amyloid-beta precursor protein and Amyloid-beta. Therefore, the phenyl alkyl carbamate compound of the present invention may be effectively used for preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases.