An anode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes a carbon-based particle including pores therein, a silicon-containing coating layer formed at an inside the pores of the carbon-based particle or on a surface of the carbon-based particle, and a carbon coating layer formed on the silicon-containing coating layer. A full width at half maximum (FWHM) of an O1s peak of a surface measured by an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is 2.0 or more. A lithium secondary battery including the anode active material having improved initial discharge capacity and capacity efficiency is provided.