An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a camera including an image sensor including a plurality of pixels, a memory, and a processor that controls the camera. Each pixel included in the plurality of pixels includes a plurality of photodiodes and a microlens covering the plurality of photodiodes. The processor obtains phase images and image data for an external object using the plurality of photodiodes of the image sensor and authenticates the external object using the phase images and the image data. In addition, various embodiments recognized through the specification are possible.