Method for monitoring wear to cylinders of the cages of a rolling mill, in particular for bars or rods, including the following steps: reading by a neural network of a plurality of data relating to the initial conditions of one or more rolling cylinders, in particular one or more pairs of cylinders each belonging to a rolling cage, to the settings, and to the running of the process; and generation by the neural network of signals relating to the state of wear of the cylinders.