An image processing apparatus includes: a memory storing one or more instructions; and a processor by executing the one or more instructions stored in the memory is configured to: extract a first image feature from a first image; search for, based on a transmission characteristic of the first image and the first image feature, a first cluster corresponding to the first image from among a plurality of clusters stored in the image processing apparatus, each cluster including a representative image feature and a representative image quality parameter; perform image quality processing on the first image based on a first representative image quality parameter in the first cluster; obtain, based on the first image that has undergone the image quality processing, a first update parameter obtained by updating the first representative image quality parameter; and update the plurality of clusters based on the first update parameter.