The present invention provides an anti-trapdoor-leakage on-chain data restoration system, at least comprising: a blockchain node, for broadcasting transaction data of a request-initiating person to blockchain nodes and proposer nodes in other groups, respectively; and a proposer node, for performing computation of a Chameleon-Hash function using a key set that is generated by a key-generating module provided in the proposer node, packaging the transaction data to generate a new block, and distributing the new block to all the blockchain nodes so that the blockchain nodes update their respective underlying ledgers according to the new blocks broadcasted by the proposer. The system of the present invention not only realizes such functions as restoration and editing of the transaction data, but also protects operational security and reliability of blockchains.