The present application discloses a target wake time (TWT)-based clock correction method and device. Each TWT corresponds to one wake time period, and time before the wake time period is a TWT sleep period of a station STA. The method includes: before entering a current TWT sleep period, determining a next-time TWT immediately following the current TWT sleep period; before entering the current TWT sleep period, determining an advance time amount for the next TWT on the basis of obtained clock drift values between the STA and a wireless access point AP and the number of target beacon transmission times (TBTTs) corresponding to the current TWT sleep period; and performing clock correction on the STA according to the time advance time amount and an expected time amount required for completing clock correction on the basis of a detection interaction process.