The present disclosure relates to a power electronic device with an automatic ventilation module, comprising: an enclosure in which a heating component is accommodated; and an automatic ventilation module, installed on one side of the enclosure, for opening and closing a part of the enclosure based on the temperature of the heating component, wherein the automatic ventilation module comprises a driving unit for generating power; a connection unit for transmitting the power generated by the driving unit; a ventilation unit for receiving the power from the connection unit and disposed with a front plate for opening and closing a part of the enclosure; a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the inside of the enclosure; and a control unit for controlling the driving unit on the basis of a measured value of the temperature sensor so as to adjust the degree of opening and closing of the front plate.