In a system for intelligent monitoring strain and temperature of a bullet tank, distributed strain fiber optic cables and distributed temperature fiber optic cables are laid on a surface of a bullet tank body, and pressure gauges are arranged in a soil layer below the bullet tank body, so that the surface and surrounding states of the bullet tank body are monitored. Detected data is gathered by collectors and then transmitted to a field control system. The field control system respectively performs data communication with a numerical simulation system and a central control display screen. The numerical simulation system uses finite element software to simulate the bullet tank body and the soil layer below, determines a corresponding temperature and stress change range, and transmits the temperature and stress change range to the field control system for comparison with the detected data.