The present disclosure relates to the field of artificial intelligence technology, and to a method of estimating a pose of a device and a related device. The method of estimating a pose of a device includes identifying a similar key frame that is similar to a current frame collected by the device from a key frame set, based on a vector distance between the similar key frame and the current frame; obtaining data-related information between image frames based on a feature matching relationship between the current frame and the similar key frame; and obtaining the pose of the device based on the data-related information.