There are provided an optical system and an imaging device including the same. The optical system includes: in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens group having refractive power; and a second lens group having positive refractive power. A variable distance that varies during focusing between the first lens group and the second lens group is closer to an object than a variable distance that varies during focusing between other lenses. The first lens group includes a positive lens and at least one or more negative lenses in order from the image side. The second lens group includes a lens subgroup 2A having positive refractive power, an aperture stop, and a lens subgroup 2B having positive refractive power in order from the object side. The lens subgroup 2B includes a negative lens and a positive lens in order from the object side and satisfies a predetermined Conditional Expression.