A blockchain consensus method includes: on the basis of transaction data and a verifiable delay function, a node generating a target block, or synchronously acquiring a target block from other nodes; determining, from among multiple sub-blockchains, a target sub-blockchain based on information of a target block, and adding the target block to the target sub-blockchain; then, acquiring respective corresponding effective block sequences from the multiple sub-blockchains; performing global sorting on effective blocks on the basis of logic clocks respectively corresponding to acquired effective blocks, and acquiring a global blockchain. A global blockchain is acquired by using a means of multi-chain consensus, thereby improving the expandability and transaction throughput of a blockchain system in a large-scale open network environment. Acquiring a global blockchain by performing global sorting on effective blocks on the basis of logic clocks corresponding to the effective blocks can better improve the security of a multi-chain system.