A dispersion liquid contains modified silica particles that are obtained by reacting silica particles which are surface-treated with a compound A represented by Formula Si(RA)4-n(XA)n, which has a reactive group, with a compound B which has a functional group reacting with the reactive group to form a bond and has an organic group, an organic solvent, and water, in which a content of water is 0.1 to 20.0 mass % with respect to a total mass of the modified silica particles. In Formula A, RA represents a monovalent organic group including the reactive group, XA represents a hydroxyl group or a monovalent hydrolyzable group, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3.