An image processing method includes: converting a red yellow blue RYB image into a grid image based on a red green blue RGB format; generating a first brightness layer of the grid image, and determining a reference gain compensation array used to adjust the first brightness layer; obtaining, based on a preset compensation array correspondence, a target gain compensation array that is associated with the reference gain compensation array and based on an RYB format; and adjusting a second brightness layer of the RYB image by using the target gain compensation array, to generate a corrected image.