To develop a filter device for filtering a hydraulic fluid with a filter housing, in which a filter element is disposed, in such a way that it ensures protection of a hydraulic pump and highly stressed hydraulic components and has a compact, easy-to-service form of construction, it is proposed according to the invention that the filter element comprises a first and a second subelement, the first subelement having a higher filter fineness than the second subelement and both subelements being insertable through a common insertion opening into the filter housing, and that it is possible for hydraulic fluid to be fed to each subelement via a separate supply inflow and for filtered hydraulic fluid to be discharged from both subelements via a common outflow. Furthermore, a filter element and a hydraulic circuit for a filter device of this type are proposed.