A lithographic printing plate precursor comprising: a support; an image recording layer comprising (A) an actinic ray absorber, (B) a polymerization initiator, and (C) a polymerizable compound, wherein the image recording layer is capable of being removed with at least one of a printing ink and a fountain solution; and an overcoat layer comprising an inorganic laminar compound. And a lithographic printing method comprising: mounting a lithographic printing plate precursor on a printing press; imagewise exposing the lithographic printing plate precursor with laser beams; and feeding at least one of a printing ink and a fountain solution to the lithographic printing plate precursor to remove a laser beams non-exposed area in an image recording layer; and performing printing.