A method of manufacturing a ceramic honeycomb structure, includes: an extruding step of extruding a raw material including a ceramic material, and obtaining a ceramic honeycomb intermediate formed article which has substantially the same shape as that of the ceramic honeycomb structure to obtain and whose outer peripheral wall has a thickness of 1/15 to 1/120 with respect to an outer diameter of ceramic honeycomb intermediate formed article; a firing step of firing the obtained ceramic honeycomb intermediate formed article to obtain a ceramic honeycomb fired article; and a machining step of machining the outer peripheral wall of the obtained ceramic honeycomb fired article, and securing a dimensional precision of a predetermined outer diameter. According to the method of manufacturing a ceramic honeycomb structure, a partition wall inside an outer peripheral wall, or the outer peripheral wall itself does not easily deform at an extruding time, and the inside partition walls and through-holes are not exposed at the time of machining of the outer peripheral wall, and any coating layer does not have to be disposed.