A method for setting a guard interval for distinguishing a transition from a downlink period to an uplink period in a mobile communication system employing a time division duplexing (TDD) scheme, the mobile communication system including a plurality of base stations. The method includes the steps of, simultaneously transmitting by each of the base stations downlink signals from transmission antennas at a first time point based on a processing delay time for a signal to be transmitted; simultaneously receiving by each of the base stations an uplink signal at reception antennas at a second time point; and setting a time interval from the first time point to the second time point as a guard interval for distinguishing a transition from an uplink period to a downlink period.